Author: author

Winds of Change, Stories of Neyaashiinigmiing Fishers from the Bagida’Waad Alliance

Posted on by author in BPEG, Speakers

Erratic winds and warming waters are threatening the First Nations commercial fishing industry.

The Bagida’waad Alliance, a registered not-for-profit corporation, was founded in March 2018 by Chippewas of Nawash Fishing families. The goals are to research and educate how climate change is affecting the waters of Lake Huron and Georgian Bay, encourage their youth to document the stories of the Elders about the fish, and to do more active stewardship of the lands and waters.

At BPEG’s March Meeting, Natasha Akiwenzie shared the observations of Bagida’waad members regarding changes in the waters over the last 15 years; and related her family’s story of no longer being able to earn a livelihood and having to close the last provincially certified Indigenous fish processing plant in Southern Ontario.

She said that Fishers need two good days to fish: one day to set the nets and the second day to lift the nets. Natasha recalled that in the past, her family could fish for five days on average then it dropped to three days, and currently with the strong erratic winds, it has been difficult to find those two days. Strong winds bring white caps and dangerous swells, while erratic wind directions and speeds bring more algae that tangle the nets and destroy the mesh, increasing both the risk and cost to the Fishers.

Natasha said from their historical memories and intimate knowledge of the fishing grounds, they know what is currently happening is not part of a cycle but that something is wrong.

Whitefish stocks are declining, the fish are no longer where they traditionally have been, and fish caught are coming up “soft”, which Natasha explained is when fillets are flaky, not firm. This indicates that the water is too warm for whitefish, and the Fishers jokingly say the fish are “pre-cooked”.

The greater frequency of snow squalls may be due to the lack of ice cover, and less cover means that fingerling whitefish have no protection from the waves and are smashed into the shallow rocky shoals.

When asked about the restocking by the Ministry of Natural Resources, Natasha said it would be preferable to stock bait fish. Current practices of restocking with predator fish creates an aquarium-like environment and disrupts the natural balance of the ecosystem. Ideally, she thought if the MNR could stop restocking non-native fish for 5 years, it would be good to see how Mother Nature looks after it.

The Alliance has been applying for grants, some of which are to buy equipment to track near shore water temperatures at a variety of depths and collect the empirical data to see if it substantiates what they have been observing.

They are currently running a project named “Oshki Maadaadiziwin Jaa Bimaaji’ut Gigooyike: New Journey to Save Fish,” which involves community youth interviewing Elders and Fishers to document and compile the stories for a book and mini-documentary – this will be shared at the Sources of Knowledge Forum this May. This project includes recording the Indigenous Traditional Ecological Knowledge in their community to be able to show the correlation with the academic scientific data. They aim to collect the data through accessing existing government and institutional research, as well as filling the gaps with their own research equipment and studies.

They are partnering with many other conservation groups to share knowledge and gather information. Their unique perspective offers insight about the stark changes in the waters of Lake Huron and what can be done to help in the coming years.

An Update from Parks Canada: Planning for the Future

Posted on by author in Speakers
OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Submitted by John Festarini and Joanne Rodgers

At BPEG‘s February Meeting, Parks Canada’s Acting Superintendent for Bruce Peninsula National Park and Fathom Five National Marine Park, John Festarini, provided an overview of current Agency priorities and strategic planning for the parks.

New Management Plans for Bruce Peninsula National Park and Fathom Five National Marine Park are currently being developed and by 2021 will detail a vision, key strategies and performance objectives for the Parks over the next 10 years. The Parks Advisory Committee (PAC), which represents a broad range of local and national interests, has been providing recommendations and feedback at each stage of the planning process. In late 2019, a draft Management Plan will be shared and partner, stakeholder and public perspectives will be gathered through facilitated meetings to help inform the final plan. Formal public consultations on the Management Plans will commence in 2020, including Information Bulletins, Open Houses, and a website designed for engaging public feedback.

John emphasized the importance of having a shared vision among strategic partners such as the Saugeen Ojibway Nation, the Municipality of Northern Bruce Peninsula and the Province of Ontario, as well as other strategic partners and stakeholders to ensure that we are all working towards common objectives and moving in the same direction.

Alongside the Management Planning process, the Park is developing a Visitor Experience Strategy for Fathom Five that will benefit from the input and support of local residents, commercial operators, and visitors. There are opportunities to enhance and diversify sustainable visitor experiences while enhancing the ecological integrity of the area. Visitation to the Bruce Peninsula National Park and Fathom Five National Marine Park have increased significantly recently. At Flowerpot Island alone, visitation has increased by more than 500% over the past ten years. In response to this, Parks Canada will be applying the Visitor Use Management Framework, developed by the U.S. National Parks Service, to help to define acceptable uses, manage development and establish sustainable levels of visitation in specific areas of the parks.

As they continue along the Management Planning process, John identified five key opportunities where Parks Canada will be focusing:

  • Protecting a wild and rugged ecosystem in the heart of the Great Lakes;

  • Realizing Fathom Five’s potential as a leader in marine conservation;

  • Managing exceptional levels of visitation through innovation, best practices and partnerships;

  • Building on our relationships with the Saugeen Ojibway Nation, the Municipality of Northern Bruce Peninsula, the Province of Ontario and other strategic partners; and

  • Strengthening our legislative and regulatory framework in order to better protect and present our places.

While a lot has changed over the years, Parks Canada has been working hard to address the challenges of today while continue to meet the Agency’s mandate and its obligations under the Federal-Provincial Agreement. The outstanding 1994 and revised 2008 First Nations litigations mean the Parks are managed in “the spirit” of the Canada National Parks Act, without the full suite of regulatory tools available to other parks across the country. Operating in the shadow of so many urban cities to the south, the visitors will keep coming, largely propelled by independent social media advertising.

Yet despite the challenges, John also celebrated some recent success stories. For example, the on-line Parking Reservation system for the Grotto has successfully reduce congestion and safety issues while providing an improved visitor experience. In 2018, 80% of Grotto visitors reserved in advance on-line, whereas redirection of “spontaneous” visitors to Cyprus Lake was reduced 36% since 2016.

Meanwhile, John dispelled rumors that timed parking will be implemented at Halfway Log Dump this summer. Although a Bruce Trail enthusiast remarked that the four hour timed parking is problematic to hikers, John indicated that Parks Canada has been working closely with the Bruce Trail Conservancy to address these types of issues and is looking at ways to accommodate all users of the Parks.

And with the successful acquisition of the Driftwood Cove property last December, 90% of study area, established in the Federal-Provincial Agreement, for Bruce Peninsula National Park is now complete. The future of the property will be determined through the Management Planning process, where the Bruce Trail Conservancy and other partners will help inform the development of an Area Management plan.

John described the success of the Federal Infrastructure Investment program and how more than $25 million dollars has been invested in Bruce Peninsula and Fathom Five over the past five years. Although staffing in recent years has been focused on supporting infrastructure and visitation, Parks Canada is actively recruiting and staffing environmental and conservation specialists through the recently announced Federal Nature Legacy program. This is in support of the Government of Canada’s Pathway to Target 1 initiative and in direct response to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change’s direction to put ecological integrity first in everything Parks Canada does. Although Parks Canada has been making some great headway, the Agency recognizes that it can’t do this alone and is open to new partnerships, enhancing visitor experience and conservation efforts to deliver on its mandate.

The final message that John delivered is Parks Canada’s intention to implement a ‘Per Person’ admission fee for Bruce Peninsula National Park in 2020. This legislated and policy-based fee structure will bring Bruce Peninsula in line with other National Parks in Canada. Details of the new fee structure will be communicated later in the spring and during the 2019 operating season. Youth, 17 and under, will continue to benefit from free admission at all national parks and national historic sites across the country.